Transcription factors SltA and CrzA reversely regulate calcium homeostasis under calcium-limited conditions.

Calcium ions are ubiquitous intracellular signaling molecules for many signaling pathways regulating the fungal response to stress and antifungal drugs. The concentration of intracellular calcium is tightly regulated in its storage, release, and distribution. CrzA is the best-studied transcription factor that regulates this process under sufficient calcium or other external signals. However, CrzA was excluded from nuclei and then lost transcriptional activation under calcium-limited conditions. The regulators in the Ca(2+) signaling pathway under calcium-limited conditions remain unclear. Here, we identified SltA as a key regulator in the Ca(2+) signaling pathway under calcium-limited conditions, and the underlying mechanisms were further explored in Aspergillus fumigatus. These findings reveal a transcriptional control pathway that precisely regulates calcium homeostasis under calcium-limited conditions.