Enzymatic Conversion of Mixed Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Oils into Biolubricants: A Green Biocatalytic Approach.

This study focused on optimizing the enzymatic synthesis of biolubricants using a 20% blend of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and neem (Azadirachta indica) oils catalyzed by Eversa Transform 2.0. The optimal conditionsthe molar ratio of 1:5 (mol/mol), 10% biocatalyst load, and a reaction time of 48 hachieved a predicted ester conversion of 97%, with experimental validation confirming 92.80 ± 0.03%. Molecular docking demonstrated stable complexes, particularly with decanoic and linoleic acids, showing Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values below 2.0 à , indicating minimal conformational changes. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified key esters like 2-ethylhexyl and octyl, which enhance thermal stability, lubricity, and oxidation resistance. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis confirmed effective ester formation, corroborating experimental results. Viscosity (2.4511 mm(2)/s) and density (0.84259 g/cm(3)) values aligned with ISO VG 3 (International Organization for Standardization Viscosity Grade) standards, suitable for low-load and low-speed applications.