Methods
agar diffusion, microdilution and normal oral keratinocytes spontaneously immortalized (NOK-SI) cell culture. MICs of planktonic cells ranged from 31.2-250 (AgNPs-HEScL) to 1,296.8-10,375 μg/ml (HEScL) for Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Veillonella dispar, and Candida albicans. AgNPs-HEScL showed antibiofilm effects (125-8,000 μg/ml) toward Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus oralis, and Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The NOK-SI exhibited no cytotoxicity when treated with 32.8 and 680.3 μg/ml of AgNPs-HEScL and HEScL, respectively, for 5 min. The data suggest potential antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of HEScL, and more specifically, AgNPs-HEScL, involving pathogens of medical and dental interest (dose-, time- and species-dependent). The cytotoxicity of HEScL and AgNPs-HEScL detected in NOK-SI was dose- and time-dependent. This study presents toxicological information about the lyophilized ethanolic extract of S. cumini leaves, including their metallic nanoparticles, and adds scientific values to incipient studies found in the literature.