Abstract
Considerable effort has been spent identifying prognostic biomarkers in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). The aim of our study was to search for possible prognostic parameters in advanced-stage cHL using a proteomics-based strategy. A total of 14 cHL pretreatment tissue samples from younger, advanced-stage patients were included. Patients were grouped according to treatment response. Proteins that were differentially expressed between the groups were analyzed using 2D-PAGE and identified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Selected proteins were validated using Western blot analysis. One of the differentially expressed proteins, the carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-1 (Gal-1), was further analyzed using immunohistochemistry HC and its expression was correlated with clinicopathologic and outcome parameters in 143 advanced-stage cHL cases. At the univariate level, high Gal-1 expression in the tumor microenvironment was correlated with poor event-free survival (P = .02). Among younger (≤ 61 years) patients, high Gal-1 was correlated with poorer overall and event-free survival (both P = .007). In this patient group and at the multivariate level, high Gal-1 expression retained a significant predictive impact on event-free survival. Therefore, in addition to its functional role in cHL-induced immunosuppression, Gal-1 is also associated with an adverse clinical outcome in this disease.