Abstract
The in vitro derivation of Schwann cells from human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) opens avenues for autologous transplantation to achieve remyelination therapy for post-traumatic neural regeneration. Towards this end, we exploited human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived sensory neurons to direct Schwann-cell-like cells derived from among the hBMSC-neurosphere cells into lineage-committed Schwann cells (hBMSC-dSCs). These cells were seeded into synthetic conduits for bridging critical gaps in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. With improvement in gait by 12-week post-bridging, evoked signals were also detectable across the bridged nerve. Confocal microscopy revealed axially aligned axons in association with MBP-positive myelin layers across the bridge in contrast to null in non-seeded controls. Myelinating hBMSC-dSCs within the conduit were positive for both MBP and human nucleus marker HuN. We then implanted hBMSC-dSCs into the contused thoracic cord of rats. By 12-week post-implantation, significant improvement in hindlimb motor function was detectable if chondroitinase ABC was co-delivered to the injured site; such cord segments showed axons myelinated by hBMSC-dSCs. Results support translation into a protocol by which lineage-committed hBMSC-dSCs become available for motor function recovery after traumatic injury to both peripheral and central nervous systems.