Abstract
Type II diabetes is the most prevalent form of diabetes. One of the primary complications of diabetes that significantly affects quality of life is bladder dysfunction. Many studies on diabetic bladder dysfunction have been performed in models of type I diabetes; however, few have been performed in animal models of type II diabetes. Using the Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat model of type II diabetes, we examined the contractility and sensitivity of bladder smooth muscle in response to mediators of depolarization-induced contraction, muscarinic receptor-mediated contraction, ATP-induced contraction, and neurogenic contraction. Studies were performed at 16 and 27 wk of age to monitor the progression of diabetic bladder dysfunction. Voiding behavior was also quantified. The entire bladder walls of diabetic rats were hypertrophied compared with that of control rats. Contractility and sensitivity to carbachol and ATP were increased at 27 wk in bladder smooth muscle strips from diabetic rats, suggesting a compensated state of diabetic bladder dysfunction. Purinergic signaling was increased in response to exogenous ATP in bladders from diabetic animals; however, the purinergic component of neurogenic contractions was decreased. The purinergic component of neurogenic contraction was reduced by P2X receptor desensitization, but was unchanged by P2X receptor inhibition in diabetic rats. Residual and tetrodotoxin-resistant components of neurogenic contraction were increased in bladder strips from diabetic animals. Overall, our results suggest that in the male ZDF rat model, the bladder reaches the compensated stage of function by 27 wk and has increased responsiveness to ATP.