Background
Various biomarkers have been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic heart failure. The
Conclusion
Biomarkers such as suPAR, GDF-15, H-FABP, and sST2 are increased in CAD patients, especially in highly impaired EF. Besides NT-proBNP as a well-known marker for risk prediction, GDF-15 may be an additional tool for diagnosis and clinical follow-up.
Results
CAD patients were divided into three groups according to their EF as measured by the biplane Simpson method (53-84%, 31-52%, ≤30%). Overall, 361 subjects were analyzed. In total, 155 CAD patients had an EF of 53-84%, 71 patients had an EF of 31-52%, and 23 patients had an EF of ≤30% as compared to 112 healthy controls (age 51.3 ± 9.0 years, 44.6% female). Mean ages according to EF were 62.1 ± 10.9, 65.2 ± 10.1, and 66.6 ± 8.2 years, respectively, with females representing 29.0, 29.6, and 13.0%. suPAR, GDF-15, H-FABP, and sST2 values were significantly higher in CAD patients and showed an exponential increase with decreasing EF. In a multiple logistic regression model, GDF-15 (p = 0.009), and NT-brain natriuretic peptide (p = 0.003) were independently associated with EF.