Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) member of the Flaviviridae family, which has been associated with the development of the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). RNA viruses, such as flaviviruses, have been reported to exert a profound impact on host microRNAs (miRNAs). Cellular miRNAs modulated by ZIKV may help identify cellular pathways of relevance to pathogenesis. Here, we screened 754 human cellular miRNAs modulated by ZIKV infection (Brazilian PE strain) in a neuroblastoma cell line. Seven miRNAs (miR-99a*, miR-126*, miR-190b, miR-361-3p, miR-522-3p, miR-299-5p, and miR-1267) were downregulated during ZIKV infection, while miR-145 was upregulated. Furthermore, 11 miRNAs were exclusively expressed in ZIKV-infected (miR-148a, miR-342-5p, miR-598, and miR-708-3p) or mock cells (miR-208, miR-329, miR-432-5p, miR-488, miR-518b, miR-520g, and miR-767-5p). Furthermore, in silico analysis indicated that some central nervous system, cellular migration, and adhesion function-related biological processes were overrepresented in the list of target genes of the miRNAs regulated in ZIKV-infected cells, especially for miR-145 and miR-148a. The induction of miR-145 and miR-148a was confirmed in postmortem brain samples from stillborn with severe CZS. Finally, we determined the expression regulation of microcephaly related genes through RNA interference pathway caused by ZIKV directly on neuron cells.